Geometry helps students understand the world around them — shapes, spatial relationships, and visual patterns. In PYP, geometry is explored through sorting, building, drawing, and investigating properties of 2D and 3D shapes.
Students classify shapes by number of sides, vertices, and angles: triangles, quadrilaterals (square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram), pentagons, hexagons. Properties: parallel sides, equal angles, lines of symmetry. Students discover relationships — a square is a special rectangle; all rectangles are parallelograms.
Cubes, cuboids, cylinders, cones, spheres, prisms, and pyramids. Students explore faces, edges, and vertices by handling real objects and building nets. Euler\'s formula (F + V = E + 2) is discovered through counting.
Line symmetry: a shape can be folded so both halves match. Rotational symmetry: a shape looks the same after less than a full turn. Transformations: slides (translations), flips (reflections), and turns (rotations) are explored through hands-on activities and pattern blocks.
Geometry develops spatial reasoning — the ability to visualise, mentally rotate, and reason about shapes and space. This skill is critical for architecture, engineering, art, and everyday tasks like map reading. In PYP, geometry is connected to transdisciplinary themes like "How the world works" and "Sharing the planet".
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