Statistics and probability help us make sense of data and uncertainty. MYP embraces statistical investigations where students pose questions, collect data, analyse results, and draw conclusions — mirroring real-world research.
Measures of central tendency: mean (average), median (middle value), mode (most frequent). Measures of spread: range, interquartile range (IQR). Representations: frequency tables, bar charts, histograms (continuous data), pie charts, cumulative frequency curves, box-and-whisker plots.
Probability of event = favourable outcomes / total outcomes. Values range from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain). Combined events: use sample spaces, tree diagrams, or Venn diagrams. Independent events: P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B). Conditional probability is introduced in later MYP years.
The statistical cycle: formulate → collect → organise → analyse → interpret → report. Students design surveys, consider sampling methods (random, stratified), identify bias, and use data to answer their original question. This aligns with MYP Criterion B (Investigating patterns) and D (Applying maths in real-life).
Statistics is typically assessed through Criterion B (Investigating patterns) tasks where students conduct their own statistical investigation — choosing a topic, collecting data, selecting appropriate representations, calculating measures, and drawing conclusions. Criterion C (Communicating) is also key: students must clearly present their reasoning and results.
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