Ch 5 covers methods to separate mixtures, chosen based on the properties of the components. Students learn handpicking, threshing, winnowing, sieving, sedimentation, decantation, filtration, and evaporation.
Handpicking: manually picking out unwanted items (stones from rice). Threshing: beating to separate grain from stalks. Winnowing: wind blows away lighter husk while heavier grain falls. Sieving: smaller particles pass through mesh, larger stay.
Sedimentation: heavy particles settle. Decantation: pour off clear liquid. Filtration: pass through filter paper to trap insoluble particles. Evaporation: heat the solution to get dissolved solid (salt from sea water).
Download: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/fesc105.pdf | Complete book: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/fesc1ps.zip
Use evaporation: heat the salt water. Water evaporates as steam and salt crystals remain behind. This is how sea salt is produced — sea water is collected in shallow pools and the sun evaporates the water.
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