Ch 2 formalises the concepts of ordered pairs, Cartesian products, relations, and functions. Students learn to identify different types of functions and perform operations on real-valued functions.
The Cartesian product A × B = {(a,b): a ∈ A, b ∈ B}. A relation R from A to B is a subset of A × B. Each relation has a domain (set of first elements) and range (set of second elements).
A function f: A → B assigns to each element of A exactly one element of B. Domain = A, co-domain = B, range ⊆ B. Types: identity function (f(x)=x), constant (f(x)=c), polynomial, rational, modulus (f(x)=|x|).
For functions f, g with common domain: (f+g)(x) = f(x)+g(x), (f−g)(x) = f(x)−g(x), (fg)(x) = f(x)·g(x), (f/g)(x) = f(x)/g(x) where g(x) ≠ 0.
Download: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/kemh102.pdf | Complete book: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/kemh1ps.zip
A relation is any subset of A × B — an element of A can be related to multiple elements of B (or none). A function is a special relation where every element of A is related to exactly one element of B.
Book a Trial + Diagnostic session. Get a personalized Learning Path with clear milestones, tutor match, and a plan recommendation — all within 24 hours.
Book Trial + Diagnostic →