Ch 10 focuses on tangents to circles. Students prove that a tangent is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact, and that tangent segments drawn from an external point are equal in length.
A tangent to a circle is a line that touches it at exactly one point. The tangent at any point is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. This is a fundamental theorem proved using the concept of shortest distance.
From a point outside a circle, exactly two tangents can be drawn. These two tangent segments have equal length. This is proved using congruent triangles (RHS criterion).
Download: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/jemh110.pdf | Complete book: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/jemh1ps.zip
From a point outside the circle: 2 tangents. From a point on the circle: 1 tangent. From a point inside the circle: 0 tangents.
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